A condenser is attached to the boiling flask and is clamped in an upright postion, the “reflux position”, and cooling water is circulated to cause the vapours to condense as they rise up the condenser and thus prevent them from escaping.
What’s the proper position of water inlet and outlet for the condenser Why?
Water should always enter from the bottom of a condenser (the end closest to the flask) and exit from the top of the condenser. Doing it this way always ensures that your condenser will be full of cooling water.
Why should the water in the condenser flow uphill?
To maximize the efficiency of the sample, the water jacket needs to be full of cold water. The water hoses have to be attached in a certain way. The water will fill the condenser if it is forced uphill.
Why is a condenser set up such that the cold water flows from the bottom to the top of the condenser?
Q: Why does it matter whether the water enters the condenser at the top or from the bottom? If water enters from the bottom of the condenser, it will always be completely filled with cold water which ensures efficient cooling. During distillation, vapors are formed in the heated distillation flask.
What is the purpose of the reflux condenser?
A reflux condenser is an apparatus commonly used in organic chemistry to prevent reactant or solvent loss in a heated chemical reaction. For chemical reactions that need to be carried out at elevated temperatures over long periods of time a reflux system can be used to prevent the loss of solvent through evaporation.
Why does it matter whether the water enters the condenser at the top or from the bottom?
Water must enter from the bottom of the condenser in order to fill the entire condenser. If water enters from the top it drains from the bottom and never fills it up. A full condenser is necessary to maximize the heat transfer for condensation.
What is the reason for running cold water through condenser from lower side to upper side in distillation process?
Answer: In distillation process condensation of vapours take place. To absorb more he cold water is passed from lower side so that it will stay for longer time and absorb more heat from the vapours to form liquid state of the substance.
Why do you have to turn the water off from flowing into the condenser after the reaction is done refluxing?
The condenser is always completely filled with water to ensure efficient cooling. The vapours, which are given off from the liquid reaction mixture, change from gas phase back to liquid phase due to heat loss. This then causes the liquid mixture to fall back into the round bottom flask.
How is the water going to condenser different to the water which comes out?
It goes in as a vapor and comes out as a liquid.
How does a condenser work?
The purpose of the condenser is to receive the high-pressure gas from the compressor and convert this gas to a liquid. It does it by heat transfer, or the principle that heat will always move from a warmer to a cooler substance.
Why must the water in the condenser be switched from cold to warm during the course of the distillation?
The main reason for running cold water through condenser from lower side to upper side in distillation process is to maintain contineous and uninterrupted flow of cold water supply ( without breaking of water column) to the condenser to provide constant rate of cooling effect with constant / controlled rate.
What happens to the water Vapour when it passes through the condenser?
Explanation: The process in which water vapor turns into a liquid is called condensation. The gaseous water molecules release energy into the cooler air around them and move closer together. The spaces between the molecules decrease until they are close enough to change from a gas to a liquid.
When using a water cooled condenser The water should?
The cooling tower should provide water that is about 7 degrees warmer than the outdoor wet bulb, so a 78 degree wet bulb should yield 85 degree water to the condenser.
What is the difference between distillation and refluxing?
Refluxing and distillation are chemical techniques used in many laboratories. The main difference between reflux and distillation is that reflux method is used to complete a certain chemical reaction whereas distillation is used to separate components in a mixture.
How does a water condenser work?
Therefore, water-cooled condensers are essentially heat exchangers that remove heat from refrigerant vapor and transfer it to the water running through it.Its water-cooled design allows the condenser to function as a specialized heat exchanger, condensing hot, high-pressure gas from the compressor into a liquid.
What will happen if the upper outlet of the condenser is connected to the top instead of the lower outlet?
If the upper outlet is connected to tap instead of the lower outlet, the condenser will be insufficiently filled and cooling will not occur. In such conditions, thermal shock may occur.
Why is it important that cooling water enters at the lower end and exits at the upper end of the condenser jacket and not vice versa?
Why is it important that the cooling water in a distillation apparatus enter the condenser jacket at the lower end and exit at the upper end? It ensures efficient condensing. The coolest water is the last water to surround the condenser, it is able to remove any residual heat.
What is the proper position of the water inlet and water outlet in distillation?
The water supply (inlet) is connected on the bottom end, while the outlet goes either back to the sink or to the inlet of another water-jacketed condenser. The setup should be clamped in two positions only: the neck of the round bottom flasks.
Why are condensers so called?
A condenser in an air conditioner is called so because the coolent is injected into it hot and vaporous where it cools and “condenses” back into liquid and the volume of it becomes less, ie. condensed (made smaller).
What happens fractional distillation?
In a fractional distillation, a mixture of liquids is boiled and the resulting vapors travel up a glass tube called a “fractionating column” and separate. The fractionating column is placed between the flask containing the mixture and the “Y” adaptor and improves the separation between the liquids being distilled.
Which opening on the condenser jacket should be used for the water inlet?
3. The inlet of the water is on the lower end of the condenser, the outlet at the upper end independent if the condenser is used for reflux or distillation.
Contents