Sulfonation and sulfation are two important chemical processes used in many industries to add a sulfur-containing group to an organic compound. The main difference between sulfonation and sulfation is that sulfonation involves the formation of a C-S bond whereas sulfation involves the formation of a C-O-S bond.
What is the purpose of sulfonation and sulfation?
Sulfonation and sulfation are major industrial chemical processes used to make a diverse range of products, including dyes and color intensifiers, pigments, medicinals, pesticides and organic intermediates.
What is sulfonation reaction?
Aromatic sulfonation is an organic reaction in which a hydrogen atom on an arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid functional group in an electrophilic aromatic substitution. Aryl sulfonic acids are used as detergents, dye, and drugs.
What is sulfonation reagent?
Sulfonation is a reversible reaction that produces benzenesulfonic acid by adding sulfur trioxide and fuming sulfuric acid. The reaction is reversed by adding hot aqueous acid to benzenesulfonic acid to produce benzene.
What is alcohol sulfation?
sulfation, also spelled Sulphation, in chemistry, any of several methods by which esters or salts of sulfuric acid (sulfates) are formed. The esters are commonly prepared by treating an alcohol with sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, chlorosulfuric acid, or sulfamic acid.
What is Sulphonation example?
Heya. HERE’S UR ANSWER. Aromatic sulfonation is an organic reaction in which a hydrogen atom on an arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid functional group in an electrophilic aromatic substitution. Aryl sulfonic acids are used as detergents, dye, and drugs.
What is sulfation in biology?
Sulfation in biology
In biology, sulfation is typically effected by sulfotransferases, which catalyze the transfer of the equivalent of sulfur trioxide to substrate alcohols and phenols, converting the latter to sulfate esters. The source of the SO3 group is usually 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS).
What do you mean by the term Sulphonation?
The replacement of the hydrogen atom of an organic compound with sulfonic acid (-SO3H) functional group, often by the reaction with sulfuric acid at higher temperatures, is called Sulphonation. “The introduction of a sulfonic acid group into an aromatic compound is referred to as sulphonation.”
What do you mean Sulphonation?
noun Chemistry. the process of attaching the sulfonic acid group, –SO3H, directly to carbon in an organic compound.
What is sulfonation in organic chemistry?
Sulfonation: A chemical reaction which introduces the sulfonic acid functional group (-SO3H) into a molecule. Sulfonation with sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid converts benzene into benzene sulfonic acid.
What is the electrophile in Sulphonation?
Explaining the sulphonation of benzene – electrophilic substitution. The electrophile is sulphur trioxide, and this arises in one of two ways depending on which sort of acid you are using. Concentrated sulphuric acid contains traces of SO3 due to slight dissociation of the acid.
Is sulfonation reversible?
Unlike the other electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, sulfonation is reversible. Removal of water from the system favours the formation of the sulfonation product. Heating a sulfonic acid with aqueous sulfuric acid can result be the reverse reaction, desulfonation.
What is the electrophile in Sulphonation of benzene?
The electrophile involved in the sulphonation of benzene is SO3.
Where does sulfation take place?
the Golgi apparatus
Sulfation of proteins on tyrosine residues was originally described in 1954. Nearly 50 secreted and transmembrane proteins carry this irreversible modification that occurs in the Golgi apparatus.
How do I choose a sulfonating agent?
1. How to choose a Sulfonating reagent? Explanation: For choosing a suitable sulfonation reagent and process is the avoidance of undesired side reactions, the nature and extent of which will depend upon the structure of the compound being sulfonated, the sulfonating agent, and the physical conditions used.
What is Sulphonation aniline?
Sulphonation. Sulphuric acid reacts vigorously with aniline to form anilinium hydrogen sulphate which on heating produces sulphanilic acid which in turn also has a resonating structure with zwitter ion as shown in the above figure.
What do you mean by electrophilic substitution reaction?
Electrophilic substitution reactions are chemical reactions in which an electrophile displaces a functional group in a compound, which is typically, but not always, a hydrogen atom.
What causes sulfation?
Sulfation occurs when a battery is deprived of a full charge, it builds up and remains on battery plates. When too much sulfation occurs, it can impede the chemical to electrical conversion and greatly impact battery performance.
What are sulfation pathways?
The sulfation and desulfation reactions modifying a variety of different substrates are commonly known as sulfation pathways.In humans, mutations in the genes encoding the sulfation pathway enzymes underlie a number of developmental aberrations, and in flies and worms, their loss-of-function is fatal.
What is sulfation in drug metabolism?
Sulfation is a phase II biotransformation reaction in which sulfate acts as a conjugation molecule and binds to a substrate via the catalysis of sulfotransferases.
What is oleum formula?
Formula of oleum is H2S2O7.
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