The discharge in the stream represents the run-off in the stream at a given section and includes surface run-off as well as ground water flow. Discharge has to be measured for canals also. Methods of measuring discharge for canals are more or less the same as those adopted for streams.
What is discharge in fluid?
A discharge is a measure of the quantity of any fluid flow over unit time. The quantity may be either volume or mass. Thus the water discharge of a tap (faucet) can be measured with a measuring jug and a stopwatch. Here the discharge might be 1 litre per 15 seconds, equivalent to 67 ml/second or 4 litres/minute.
What is unit of discharge?
Discharge = V x D x W
If length is measured in feet and time in seconds, Discharge has units of feet3/sec or cubic feet per second (cfs). Depth times Width gives the cross-sectional area. The shape of the channel is important because of the reduction in velocity due to friction along the channel margins.
What are different methods of discharge measurement?
Stream discharge can be measured using (1) volumetric gauging, (2) float gauging, (3) current metering, (4) dilution gauging (constant injection or gulp methods), (5) structural methods, and (6) slope-area methods. The choice of method depends on the characteristics of the stream and on the application.
Is discharge and runoff the same thing?
The data in the reports of the Geological Survey on surface water represent the total fluids measured. Thus, the terms discharge, streamflow, and runoff represent water with the solids dissolved in it and the sediment mixed with it. Of these terms, discharge is the most comprehensive.
What is discharge of a river?
Discharge is the volume of water moving down a stream or river per unit of time, commonly expressed in cubic feet per second or gallons per day.
What is discharge in FM?
The amount of fluid passing a section of a stream in unit time is called the discharge. If v is the mean velocity and A is the cross sectional area, the discharge Q is defined by Q = Av which is known as volume flow rate. Discharge is also expressed as mass flow rate and weight flow rate.
What is rate of discharge?
The discharge rate is defined as the steady current in amperes (A) that can be taken from a battery of defined capacity (Ah) over a defined period (h).
What is annual discharge?
Mean annual flow is the average flow for the individual year or multi-year period of interest.Mean annual flow is obtained by dividing the sum of all the individual daily flows by the number of daily flows recorded for the year.
How do you calculate volume of discharge?
More specifically, water discharge, which is the volume of water moving through the cross section of a stream or river during a particular unit of time, is typically computed by multiplying the area of water in a channel cross section by the average velocity of the water in that cross section.
Why do we measure discharge?
This is one reason for measuring flow – to work out the load of contaminants and sediment the waterway is carrying. Because discharge can have a significant effect on water quality, it is important that it is recorded at the time of sampling and, if possible, during the previous few days.
What method is best to measure discharge?
The Price Type AA meter (Figures 39) is the most common vertical shaft meter and is often considered the standard for discharge measurement. It has been subjected to extensive research and experimentation and shown to be well suited to a wide variety of field conditions.
Why is flow discharge important?
Stream flow, or discharge, is the volume of water that moves over a designated point over a fixed period of time.It is important because of its impact on water quality and on the living organisms and habitats in the stream.
Is drainage a basin?
A drainage basin is an area of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a river, lake, wetland or ocean. The drainage basin includes both the streams and rivers that convey the water as well as the land surface from which water drains into those channels.
What is discharge of a watershed?
The discharges of water and other materials that flow off a watershed tell a story about how water interacts with human activities and natural processes on land. Watershed discharges also shape downstream aquatic life by delivering both essential water and nutrients, as well as harmful pollutants.
What factors affect discharge?
River Discharge and Factors Affecting River Discharge
- 1) Rock and soil type.
- 2) Weather conditions.
- 3) Type and amount of Rainfall.
- 4) Type of land.
How river discharge is formed?
River discharge is the volume of water flowing through a river channel. This is the total volume of water flowing through a channel at any given point and is measured in cubic metres per second (cumecs). The discharge from a drainage basin depends on precipitation, evapotranspiration and storage factors.
Where does Ganga river get discharged?
| Ganges | |
|---|---|
| Discharge | |
| • location | Ganges Delta, Bay of Bengal |
| • average | 18,691 m3/s (660,100 cu ft/s) |
| Discharge |
What is battery depth of discharge?
Depth of Discharge (DOD) refers to how much energy is cycled into and out of the battery on a given cycle. It’s expressed as a percentage of the total capacity of the battery.
How is depth of discharge measured?
Depth of discharge is normally expressed as a percentage. For, example, if a 100 A h battery is discharged for 20 minutes at a current of 50 A, the depth of discharge is 50 * 20 / 60 / 100 = 16.7 %. The depth of discharge is the complement of state of charge: as one increases, the other decreases.
What is 3C discharge rate?
Many battery packs in Israel have been rated at 3C, meaning it delivers 3A for 20 minutes. Better than this is a 4C rating, meaning it delivers 4A for 15 minutes.
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