Lymphocytes (white blood cells) and cells which produce blood are constantly regenerating, and are, therefore, the most sensitive. Reproductive and gastrointestinal cells are not regenerating as quickly and are less sensitive. The nerve and muscle cells are the slowest to regenerate and are the least sensitive cells.
Which body part is more sensitive to radiation?
Radiation in high doses can be dangerous no matter what, but some parts of the body are more sensitive than others. The most sensitive parts of the human body are the lymphoid organs, bone marrow, blood, testes, ovaries and intestines, according to the Collaboration for Nondestructive Testing[1].
Which organ is most radiosensitive?
The digestive tract is among the most radiosensitive organs in the body and its function, which is partly regulated by gastrointestinal (GI) peptides, can be affected by radiation exposure.
Which organ is affected by radiation?
Severity of organ injury depends on the radiation dose and the duration of radiation exposure. Organs and cells with high sensitivity to radiation injury are the skin, the hematopoietic system, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, spermatogenic cells, and the vascular system.
Which part of the cell cycle is most sensitive to radiation?
M-phase
Cells in late G2 and mitosis (M-phase) are the most sensitive to radiation, and cells in late synthesis (S-phase) are the most resistant (Fig. 23.10).
Which part of the body is least sensitive to radiation?
muscle cells
Reproductive and gastrointestinal cells are not regenerating as quickly and are less sensitive. The nerve and muscle cells are the slowest to regenerate and are the least sensitive cells.
Is the brain sensitive to radiation?
Recent studies have proven that the brain is, indeed, sensitive to irradiation. Cranial radiation therapy impacts a wide array of brain functions, causing cognitive decline, memory deficits, fatigue, and brain tumors in exposed individuals.
Is bone marrow sensitive to radiation?
The cells in your bone marrow are sensitive to radiation therapy. The number of WBCs, RBCs, and platelets in your body may decrease, depending on the part of your body being treated and the dosage of radiation. This decrease is usually temporary, but in some cases it may be permanent.
Which tissue is the most vulnerable to radiation damage?
The tissues most affected by radiation are those that undergo rapid replacement, such as bone marrow, the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Slower-growing tissues, such as those of the brain and liver, require either high doses of radiation or prolonged exposure before they show symptoms of degeneration.
Which of these is a common symptom of radiation sickness?
These symptoms include loss of appetite, fatigue, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and possibly even seizures and coma. This seriously ill stage may last from a few hours up to several months. People who receive a high radiation dose also can have skin damage.
What happens to human body when exposed to radiation?
Exposure to very high levels of radiation, such as being close to an atomic blast, can cause acute health effects such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome (“radiation sickness”). It can also result in long-term health effects such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Which cells are the most radiosensitive?
The differentiated fixed postmitotic cells are the most radioresistant. This class includes the long-lived neurons, skeletal muscle cells and erythrocytes.
Which type of cells or tissue is the most sensitive to radiation quizlet?
Which of the following types of blood cells is the most sensitive to radiation? Lymphocytes are white or colorless blood cells derived from lymphatic tissues. Because of their rapid cell division they are more susceptible to the affects of radiation.
Why are some tissues more sensitive to radiation?
Actively dividing cells that are less differentiated tend to show higher radiosensitivity. For example, hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow are differentiated into various blood cells, while dividing actively.
What cancers are most sensitive to radiation?
Embryonal tumors, as well as tumors composed of rapidly growing cells, are sensitive to radiotherapy. Lymphoid cells are particularly susceptible to radiation. On the contrary, neurosarcoma, glioma and melanoma are radioresistant.
What are 5 harmful effects of radiation?
Radiation Effects on Humans
| Dose (rem) | Effects |
|---|---|
| 5-20 | Possible late effects; possible chromosomal damage. |
| 20-100 | Temporary reduction in white blood cells. |
| 100-200 | Mild radiation sickness within a few hours: vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue; reduction in resistance to infection. |
How does cell phone radiation affect the brain?
Cell Phone Radiation Affects Brain, Study Says : NPR. Cell Phone Radiation Affects Brain, Study Says Extended use of a cellular telephone causes increased activity in parts of the brain next to the phone’s antenna, according to a new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
What are the side effects of radiation to the neck?
People who get radiation to the head and neck might have side effects such as:
- Soreness (or even open sores) in the mouth or throat.
- Dry mouth.
- Trouble swallowing.
- Changes in taste.
- Nausea.
- Earaches.
- Tooth decay.
- Swelling in the gums, throat, or neck.
Is the brain less sensitive to radiation?
Hence, the brain appears especially vulnerable to radiation during the period characterized by a massive neuron production and differentiation/migration (Figure 1).
Which tumor is most radiosensitive?
radiosensitive tumours
- malignant lymphomas.
- seminomas.
- medulloblastoma.
- neuroblastoma.
- Wilm’s tumour.
- early cervical carcinoma.
- vaginal carcinoma.
- most head and neck tumours.
Why is the thyroid sensitive to radiation?
The thyroid gland needs iodine to produce hormones that regulate the body’s energy and metabolism. The thyroid absorbs available iodine from the bloodstream. The thyroid gland cannot distinguish between stable (regular) iodine and radioactive iodine and will absorb whatever it can.
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