Some researchers indicated that graphene oxide can be used as a nanocarrier for loading and delivery19,20,21 of commonly used anticancer drugs such as SN-3822, doxorubicin, camptothecin, and methotrexate23,24.
Which drugs use graphene oxide?
Table 1
| GO composite | Drug/gene | References |
|---|---|---|
| CPMAA2-GON-PEG | DOX | 103 |
| PAA-GO | BCNU | 104 |
| NGO-SS-PE | DOX | 105 |
| Graphene/Fe3O4 | DOX | 106–108 |
Why is graphene oxide used in medicine?
Graphene and graphene oxide have been widely investigated for biomedical applications due to their exceptional qualities: twodimensional planar structure, wide surface area, chemical and mechanical constancy, sublime conductivity and excellent biocompatibility.
How is graphene used in medicine?
Graphene is important to improve applications in medicine: cancer therapies, disease diagnostic tools, tissue engineering, implants, DNA sequencing, biomarker, transfer of genetic material, as well as in the combined field of biomedical imaging and neuroscience.
Is graphene hydroxide used in medicine?
The biomedical applications of graphene and its composite include its use in gene and small molecular drug delivery. It is further used for biofunctionalization of protein, in anticancer therapy, as an antimicrobial agent for bone and teeth implantation.
What is graphene oxide made of?
The graphene oxide molecular structure consists of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One of the most important traits of GO is that it can be produced using graphite (since it is inexpensive) using different chemical methods, yielding a high production with exceptional cost-efficiency.
How graphene is used in drug delivery?
Graphene nanomaterials are outstanding carrier materials for drug delivery applications. The specific structure-associated properties enable high loading efficiency, functionalization capacity for targeting, imaging, sensing, stimuli responsive release, etc.
What is the use of graphene in nanotechnology?
There are four areas that graphene nanotechnology can find application in renewable energy. These areas are (1) hydrogen fuel cells, (2) solar (photovoltaic) cells, (3) battery-powered vehicles, and (4) energy storage devices and other applications [16].
Graphene materials show excellent inhibitory antiviral effects against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, including RNA and DNA viruses. These performances which are attributed to the physicochemical properties exhibited on the surfaces of these materials, can be used to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
What are the side effects of graphene oxide?
Concentration. Numerous results have shown that graphene materials cause dose-dependent toxicity in animals and cells, such as liver and kidney injury, lung granuloma formation, decreased cell viability and cell apoptosis [130–134].
What products is graphene used in?
Graphene has a lot of possible applications in various fields like batteries, sensors, solar panels, electronics and more.
- Graphene production.
- UK-based Dassi Bikes offered what it refers to as “the world’s first bike made with graphene”.
Does graphene oxide stay in the body?
“A significantly larger fraction of the thicker GO sheet (47.5% of the injected dose) remain in the body 24 hours after administration, mainly in the spleen and liver,” say Jasim and Kostarelos. “By contrast, the thinner GO sheets (76.9%) were excreted in the urine.”
Is graphene oxide a semiconductor?
Graphite oxide itself is an insulator, almost a semiconductor, with differential conductivity between 1 and 5×10−3 S/cm at a bias voltage of 10 V.
What is another name for graphene oxide?
Description Graphene oxide (GO), also referred to as graphite/graphitic oxide, is obtained by treating graphite with oxidisers, and results in a compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in variable ratios.
What is the chemical name for graphene oxide?
Graphene oxide, powder, 15-20 sheets, 4-10% edge-oxidized
| PubChem CID | 124202900 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C140H42O20 |
| Synonyms | Graphene oxide, powder, 15-20 sheets, 4-10% edge-oxidized Graphene oxide, 15-20 sheets, 4-10% edge-oxidized, 1 mg/mL, dispersion in H2O |
| Molecular Weight | 2043.8 |
| Dates | Modify 2022-02-26 Create 2017-03-03 |
What is graphene oxide?
Graphene oxide (GO), an oxidized derivative of graphene, is currently used in biotechnology and medicine for cancer treatment, drug delivery, and cellular imaging. Also, GO is characterized by various physicochemical properties, including nanoscale size, high surface area, and electrical charge.
What is hydroxy graphene?
As nanoscale graphene sheets that boast excellent biocompatibility and electrochemical activity, hydroxyl functionalized graphene products are suitable for individuals who need a hydrophilic, durable product for their various applications.
What are graphene oxide nanoparticles?
Graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO NPs), one of the most promising derivatives of graphene, comprise a monolayered engineered nanomaterial (ENM) with high oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl, epoxy, carbonyl, and hydroxyl (Bianco et al., 2013; Li et al., 2015).
Is graphene magnetic?
Graphene is intrinsically nonmagnetic as all the outer electrons in carbon hexatomic rings are perfectly paired to take shape in σ- and π-bonds. All the efforts to make graphene magnetic are carried out to break the symmetric bonds to release the unpaired electrons and generate net spins.
Is graphene better than lithium?
Graphene batteries have been proven to have a much higher capacity on average than lithium-ion batteries, even at smaller sizes. Lithium-ion batteries can store up to 180Wh per kilogram, while graphene can store up to 1,000Wh per kilogram, making it a much more space-efficient store of energy.
Where is graphene found?
Sometimes it forms when meteorites that contain graphite hit the Earth. In the end, the king of the strongest materials is Graphene. Graphene consists of a single atomic layer of carbon, organized in a honeycomb structure. In its perfect crystalline form, graphene is the strongest material ever measured.
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